Reporting, screens, user profiles, and protocols are all fully configurable, allowing you to adapt the system to your requirements, and significantly lowering any learning curve. 2016 Jul-Sep 26(3): 71–77ĭiagnosis of Patent Foramen Ovale: The Combination of Contrast Transcranial Doppler, Contrast Transthoracic Echocardiography, and Contrast Transesophageal Echocardiography, Xiaoxue Yang et al.All models of the Dolphin TCD system include full networking, and by using the DICOM standard, each will easily integrate into any existing systems. Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound: Incremental Diagnostic Role in Cryptogenic Stroke Part II, Antonello D’Andrea et al., J Cardiovasc Echogr. Alexandrov, 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd., Chapter 6 Alexandrov, In Cerebrovascular Ultrasound in Stroke Prevention and Treatment, Edited by Andrei V. Transcranial doppler ultrasonography should it be the first choice for persistent foramen ovale screening?, Monika Komar et al., Cardiovascular Ultrasound 2014, 12:16ĭiagnostic Criteria for Cerebrovascular Ultrasound, Georgios Tsivgoulis, Marsha M. Transcranial Doppler: Techniques and advanced applications: Part 2, Sharma AK, Bathala L, Batra A, Mehndiratta MM, Sharma VK, Ann Indian Acad Neurol. Sloan MA et al., Therapeutics and Technology Assessment Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. A sophisticated HITS analysis program allows a detailed investigation of each suspected embolic event, which includes the energy and motion in the artery of each event, a high-resolution embolic m-mode display, and more.Īssessment: transcranial Doppler ultrasonography: report of the Therapeutics and Technology Assessment Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. The Dolphin HITS analysis has an unmatched temporal resolution, which allows for digging deep and counting HITS during the embolic shower. A separate automatic HITS count is performed for each session, as well as a series of additional clinical information that is provided for optimal PFO diagnosis. Each session is given its own name, with automatic cursors placed to mark the different stages of the examination. The Dolphin PFO protocol allows performing multiple examination sessions in a single continuous measurement. This unique feature allows measuring the suspected emboli counts in a single measurement, for example, in the MCA and ACA arteries.įrequently, the examination calls for performing several measurement sessions, such as with/without the Valsalva maneuver, which can take place before or after the bubble injection. More importantly, the Dolphin allows measuring the total HITS count not only from the main selected depth but also all of the HITS identified at all depths along the ultrasound beam. The PFO protocol supports both a unilateral examination or a more complete assessment, a bilateral examination using the Dolphin/XF Robotic Headframe.įor improved HITS identification, the Dolphin supports a Power M Mode display, which helps visualize the high-intensity bubbles that pass through the target vessel. The Dolphin TCD Equipment has a dedicated PFO protocol designed to complete the test rapidly per all clinical guidelines. Most importantly, a robotic TCD probe improves the quality of the bubble study test results by detecting Micro-Embolic Signals on both sides of the brain and reducing errors caused by accidental probe movements. The automatic TCD robotic monitoring method eliminates the cumbersome need to fix probes with regular TCD headgears. If an adequate acoustic window exists, the sonographer can quickly and automatically find a Doppler signal within a matter of seconds. Modern Robotic TCD probes were invented to solve these issues and improve the quality of the bubble tests. Assembly of the standard monitoring headgears can consume a significant amount of time.Holding the probe manually for a prolonged period of time can be difficult, and the signal may get lost. ![]() It is normally used only on one side of the brain, skipping important bilateral PFO information for improved confirmation of right to left shunt size and better clinical diagnosis.It normally requires more than one person to perform the PFO study.As a result, sonographers often prefer to avoid using the standard TCD headsets and instead, with no reasonable alternative, prefer to hold the probe manually and perform a unilateral study.īubble studies done with regular headsets introduce several problems: In addition, the headset assembly process requires an experienced and professional neuro-sonologist, physician, or technologist. This approach results in a time-consuming fixation process that may often cause frustration to both technicians and patients. Conventional TCD devices perform bilateral studies via the standard cumbersome monitoring headsets.
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